Innovation

                   Kodak was the biggest name in the photograph industry. In the early days, Kodak camera was used to take pictures using Kodak film, and Kodak technology.   Although Kodak was the absolute leader in the photograph industry the company declared bankruptcy in 2012 (He, 2012).                In the late 1800s, the company Kodak was founded by two people, George Eastman and Henry Strong.   Originally, Kodak was the name of Eastman’s camera, and later he decided to name his company after his name. Henry Ford was an investor in the film industry. George Eastman was the inventor of the technology behind photography used by Kodak.                Eastman made photography generally available to the public by making the camera available for sale along with the film, which was used to take the pictures. Once a consumer takes the picture, they would send the films back to the company where it would be developed. The company sold the film at the cost of processing or developin

                   Serendipity, a happy discovery, is when one can make an unusual connection of ideas to create something new. Serendipity, according to Mirvahedi and Morrish (2017), is “finding and exploring new things is, however, believed to be a result of “accident and sagacity”, rather than accident or luck alone” (para. 5). Serendipity is a micro-learning experience that leads to a groundbreaking discovery (Björneborn, 2017). Steve Jobs, for example, was able to connect the idea between the use of iPhone and the music library. In his serendipity, Steve Jobs created a pathway for innovation. His approach was realized through the approach he was pursuing – not dividing the company’s functions into different areas and all employees to work with each other. His style of leadership led to inventions where he put his engineers have constant contact with each other that lead to serendipitous opportunities, which arise from regular interactions between employees – the engineers in thi

  Forecasting and Scenario Planning Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, in 2007, held its first daily “Electricity Load Forecasting”. The purpose was to identify “new methods” for forecasting electricity load within the service area of TEPCO Power Grid, Incorporated ("TEPCO PG") ( TEPCO's, 2017) . The new electricity forecasting method aims to use data science to improve forecasting accuracy and gain new knowledge of electricity usage in Tokyo ( TEPCO's, 2017) . Participants were tasked to forecast not less than ten days of electricity usage for September of 2017 (TEPCO's, 2017). Tokyo Electric Power Company allowed participants to use its innovation site, “TEPCO CUUSOO”, to provide their power forecasting methods. The reason the company invited participants to use electric consumption data and its website/API to develop a new electricity forecasting method was to determine an efficient way to supply electricity to its customers ( TEPCO's, 2017) . Its